Disease development and severity is favored by:
1. Excessive nitrogen fertilization;
2. Injured leaves; and
3. High humidity, rain
Management
- Use resistant varieties
- Balanced fertilization
- Reduce seedling damage
- Maintain shallow water in nurseries. Provide good drainage when there is flooding
- Keep fields clean
- Dry the fields. Allow fallow period to kill the bacteria
- Chemical control is not proven to be economical and effective
